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Frequently Asked Questions (for Microsoft Word under Windows 95)

1. Aligning Text
2. Creating Footnote/Endnote
3. Margins
4. Page Numbering
5. Printing Page Numbers
6. Spacing
7. Special Characters
8. Hanging Indentation

1. Aligning text

MSWord allow text to be centered, right justified, left justified, and justified on both sides. Before you start typing your text, you can click on the appropriate alignment button on the formatting toolbar to change the existing alignment style. If you want to change the alignment style for an existing paragraph, all you need to do is to first highlight the whole paragraph, then click on the desired button to make changes.

2. Creating Footnote/Endnote

Footnotes appear on the same page as the text they explain. Endnotes reside at the end of each chapter. Here is how to create a footnote/endnote:

1. Position the blinking vertical line (called insertion point) to the location where you want to place a footnote.
2. From the Insert menu, choose Footnote. Under Insert, select Footnote or Endnote.
3. Select the AutoNumber option to use 1, 2, 3 for footnotes or i, ii, iii for endnotes.
4. Click on OK to exit.
5. MSWord now inserts a reference mark in your document and allows you to type the note text.

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3. Margins

The margin settings for your dissertation are: left margin 1 and ½ inches; top, right, and bottom margins 1 inch. To specify exact margin measurements, click Page Setup on the File menu, and then type the appropriate margin settings. To change the margins for part of a document, select the text and then set the margins on the Margins tab (Page Setup dialog box, File menu). In the Apply to box, click Selected Text. MSWord automatically inserts section breaks before and after the text with the new margin settings. If your document is already divided into sections, you can click in a section or select multiple sections, and then change the margins.

4. Page numbering

• Page numbers on preliminary pages (starting from title page to the page before Chapter One) should be lower-case Roman numerals, centered ½ inch from the bottom of the page. The page numbers should start from page ii from "Abstract of the Dissertation" section. (Page i should not be printed on the Title page.) Here is how to define the page numbers for preliminary pages:

1. From Insert on the top menu, select Page Numbering…
2. Under Position, select "Bottom of page (Footer)."
3. Under Alignment, select "Center."
4. Next, uncheck the box before "Show number on first page." This will hide page i on the first page of your preliminary pages.
5. Click on "Format" to open another "Page Number Format" window.
6. Under Number Format, select "i, ii, iii…"
7. Click on OK to exit from the "Page Number Format" window. Click on OK again to exit.

• Page numbers on main body of text should be Arabic numerals. The number on each page should be on the upper right-hand corner, exactly 1 inch from the right-hand edge of the page and ½ inch from the top. Here is how to set this up:

1. From Insert on the top menu, select Page Numbering
2. Under Position, select "Top of page (Header)."
3. Under Alignment, select "Right."
4. The box before "Show number on first page" should have a check mark. If not, put one there.
5. Click on "Format" to open another "Page Number Format" window.
6. Under Number Format, select "1, 2, 3…"
7. Click on OK to exit from the "Page Number Format" window. Click on OK again to exit.

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5. Printing page numbers continuously

There are couple ways to do this. Here are two commonly used methods:

• Using Print Preview to count pages:

1. Open the first subdocument, click on the Print Preview under File menu. MSWord displays the document to show how it looks after printing. Go to the last page and make a note of the page number.
2. Open the second subdocument, from Insert menu, click on Page Numbers
3. Click on Format… under Page Numbers menu. Then under the Page Numbering, click on "start at:" then type in the next page number you get from the previous document. Click OK and OK to exit.
4. Use the same procedure from (a) to (c) to define the starting page number for the rest of the subdocuments.

• Using "master document" to link subdocuments.

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6. Spacing

To define single spacing/double spacing for a paragraph, first highlight the paragraph. Next, from Format on the top main menu, click on Paragraph. Under line spacing, select the spacing you would like to apply to your text.

7. Special Characters in a document

There are two ways to insert special characters. If you are going to need a special character repeatedly, it is recommended that you use the second method. 

• Insert the character with the Symbol command

1. Position the cursor where you want to type the character.
2. Click on the Insert menu and choose Symbol.
3. Another window shows up where you will see all characters stored under Symbol font. (If you don’t see the symbol you are looking for, you might want to select another font in the Font Box.) If you click on one character, you will see an enlarged version of it and the character code for it is displayed in the status bar.
4. Double click the symbol you want. MSWord inserts the character for you.
5. To insert another symbol, move the cursor to the location and repeat Step (c).
6. Click on Close button.

• Insert the character by typing the character code

1. Position the cursor where you want to type the character.
2. Click on down arrow next to the font window and select the font you are going to get the character from.
3. If the Num Lock light is not on, press the Num Lock key.
4. Hold down ALT. Use the numeric keypad and type 0 (zero) followed by the appropriate code. For instance, the character code for © in Times New Roman is 169. So you will type 0169 on the numeric keypad while holding down the ALT key.

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8. Hanging Indentation

To create a reference entry with hanging indention like the following example, you will need to adjust the indent markers on the ruler before you start tying the entry. On the left-hand side of the ruler, there are two triangles. The upper one is the first-line indent marker. The lower triangle is left indent marker. So in the case of hanging indentation, all you need to do is to click on the lower triangle and drag it over to the location where you want to indent. (Make sure you are not pointing to the rectangular underneath the lower triangle. It is used to move both triangles at the same time). Now you can start typing. The text on the second line will be automatically indented.

Voss, J. F., Post, T. A., & Penner, B. C. (1983) Problem-Solving Skills In The Social Sciences. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research Theory, (Vol. 17, pp. 165-213). New York: Academic Press.

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